PRINTER'S NO. 223
No. 197 Session of 1989
INTRODUCED BY LEVDANSKY, MANDERINO, TRELLO, RYAN, O'DONNELL, HAYES, PIEVSKY, RAYMOND, ITKIN, FREEMAN, GANNON, COWELL, BUNT, VEON, LASHINGER, RITTER, KUKOVICH, CESSAR, MICHLOVIC, KENNEY, FOSTER, MURPHY, VAN HORNE, J. TAYLOR, GAMBLE, GEIST, DeLUCA, LANGTRY, JOSEPHS, McVERRY, COHEN, FARGO, FOX, D. W. SNYDER, BELFANTI, ARGALL, McHALE, CHADWICK, D. R. WRIGHT, NAHILL, BORTNER, REINARD, McCALL, BOYES, DeWEESE, SCHEETZ, CAPPABIANCA, GODSHALL, WOGAN, MRKONIC, KOSINSKI, COLE, OLIVER, BELARDI, TIGUE, BLAUM, B. SMITH, PISTELLA, MAYERNIK, GRUITZA, HAGARTY, B. D. CLARK, MAINE, FLICK, KASUNIC, COLAFELLA, SEMMEL, RICHARDSON, GRUPPO, HUGHES, LaGROTTA, BLACK, PRESTON, JADLOWIEC, FEE, MOEHLMANN, GEORGE, CAWLEY, WOZNIAK, LINTON, PRESSMANN, HERSHEY, PETRONE, CARN, HAYDEN, LUCYK, BATTISTO, BROUJOS, CALTAGIRONE, PITTS, MARKOSEK, HERMAN, DOMBROWSKI, RYBAK, DEMPSEY, LETTERMAN, E. Z. TAYLOR, GIGLIOTTI, MORRIS, MICOZZIE, J. H. CLARK, HESS AND TRICH, FEBRUARY 1, 1989
REFERRED TO COMMITTEE ON FINANCE, FEBRUARY 1, 1989
AN ACT 1 Amending the act of April 9, 1929 (P.L.177, No.175), entitled 2 "An act providing for and reorganizing the conduct of the 3 executive and administrative work of the Commonwealth by the 4 Executive Department thereof and the administrative 5 departments, boards, commissions, and officers thereof, 6 including the boards of trustees of State Normal Schools, or 7 Teachers Colleges; abolishing, creating, reorganizing or 8 authorizing the reorganization of certain administrative 9 departments, boards, and commissions; defining the powers and 10 duties of the Governor and other executive and administrative 11 officers, and of the several administrative departments, 12 boards, commissions, and officers; fixing the salaries of the 13 Governor, Lieutenant Governor, and certain other executive 14 and administrative officers; providing for the appointment of 15 certain administrative officers, and of all deputies and 16 other assistants and employes in certain departments, boards, 17 and commissions; and prescribing the manner in which the 18 number and compensation of the deputies and all other 19 assistants and employes of certain departments, boards and
1 commissions shall be determined," providing for the 2 submission to the General Assembly of information relating to 3 tax expenditures. 4 It is the intent of this act to provide a mechanism which 5 will enable the General Assembly to better determine those 6 programs, activities and groups which are receiving public 7 support subsidies as a result of tax expenditures. The General 8 Assembly recognizes that the present budgeting system fails to 9 accurately and totally reflect the true level of budgetary 10 support for such programs due to such tax expenditures and that, 11 as a result, undetermined amounts of indirect expenditures are 12 escaping public or legislative scrutiny. The loss of potential 13 revenue also causes a narrowing of tax bases which in turn 14 forces higher tax rates on the remaining taxpayers. 15 The General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 16 hereby enacts as follows: 17 Section 1. The act of April 9, 1929 (P.L.177, No.175), known 18 as The Administrative Code of 1929, is amended by adding 19 sections to read: 20 Section 622. Tax Expenditures.--(a) As used in this section 21 "tax expenditure" shall mean a reduction in revenue that would 22 otherwise be collected by the Commonwealth as the result of an 23 exemption, reduction, deduction, limitation, exclusion, tax 24 deferral, discount, refund, commission, credit, preferential 25 rate or preferential treatment. "Tax expenditure" shall include, 26 but not be limited to, the following: 27 (1) Sales tax imposed by Article II of the act of March 4, 28 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the "Tax Reform Code of 1971": 29 (i) The exclusions itemized in section 204, each of which 30 shall be considered a separate tax expenditure. 31 (ii) The exclusions described by section 201(c)(1) through 19890H0197B0223 - 2 -
1 (5), (c.1) and (d)(1) through (12), each of which may be 2 combined with the related exclusion described in section 201(o) 3 and shall be considered a separate tax expenditure. 4 (iii) The exclusion described by section 201(k)(8)(A) and 5 (o)(4)(B)(i). 6 (iv) The exclusion described by section 201(k)(8)(B) and 7 (o)(4)(B)(ii). 8 (v) The exclusion described by section 201(k)(8)(C) and 9 (o)(4)(B)(iii). 10 (vi) The exclusion described by section 201(k)(8)(D) and 11 (o)(4)(B)(iv). 12 (vii) The deduction described in section 201(g)(2). 13 (viii) The reduction authorized in section 201(g)(5). 14 (ix) The exclusions described in section 201(i)(1) through 15 (5), each of which shall be considered a separate tax 16 expenditure. 17 (x) The exclusion of household supplies described in section 18 201(m). 19 (xi) The exclusions of residential utility services itemized 20 in section 201(m), each of which shall be considered a separate 21 tax expenditure. 22 (xii) The exclusion of wearing apparel and shoes as 23 described in section 201(k)(4) and (o)(4). 24 (xiii) The exclusion described in section 201(o)(8). 25 (xiv) The reduction afforded by the computation provided for 26 in section 202(d) as opposed to the tax that would be due 27 computing it as required by section 203. 28 (xv) The reduction authorized in section 205(a). 29 (xvi) The reduction authorized in section 205(b). 30 (xvii) The credit authorized in section 206. 19890H0197B0223 - 3 -
1 (xviii) The exclusions itemized in 61 Pa. Code § 31.6(a) 2 (relating to persons rendering nontaxable services), each of 3 which shall be considered a separate tax expenditure. 4 (xix) The exclusion of "permanent residents" from the tax 5 imposed by section 210. 6 (xx) The discount authorized by section 227. 7 (xxi) Refunds resulting from petitions filed pursuant to 8 section 253(d). 9 (xxii) Nontaxation of the following items shall be 10 considered tax expenditures: 11 (A) Country club memberships. 12 (B) Services of stenographers and reporters. 13 (C) Accounting, auditing and bookkeeping services. 14 (D) Cable TV rental. 15 (E) Barbers', beauticians' and manicurists' services. 16 (F) Exterminators' services. 17 (G) Janitorial services. 18 (H) Computer and data processing services. 19 (I) Legal services. 20 (J) Services of abstractors, surveyors and architects. 21 (K) Engineering services. 22 (L) Doctors', dentists' and veterinary services. 23 (M) Stockbrokers' services. 24 (N) Real estate agents' services. 25 (O) Insurance agents' services. 26 (P) Services of financial institutions. 27 (Q) Advertising services. 28 (R) Consulting and management services. 29 (S) Research and public relation services. 30 (T) Collection agencies. 19890H0197B0223 - 4 -
1 (U) Detective agencies. 2 (V) Parking lots and parking structures. 3 (W) Entertainers and entertainment groups. 4 (X) Admissions to places of amusement. 5 (Y) Chartered flights and pilots' services. 6 (Z) Campsite and trailer park rental. 7 (AA) Funeral and mortuary services. 8 (BB) Storage charges. 9 (CC) Services of electricians, plumbers and heating and air 10 conditioning contractors. 11 (DD) Other services. 12 (2) Personal income tax imposed by Article III of the "Tax 13 Reform Code of 1971": 14 (i) Each exclusion itemized in section 301(d)(i) through 15 (vii). 16 (ii) Expenses allowed as a deduction against compensation 17 income pursuant to Article III. 18 (iii) Expenses other than depreciation allowed as a 19 deduction against net profits income pursuant to Article III. 20 (iv) Depreciation expenses allowed as a deduction against 21 net profits income pursuant to Article III. 22 (v) The exclusion from "net gains or income" of certain 23 gains on the sale of a principal residence by taxpayers fifty- 24 five years of age or older. 25 (vi) The exclusion from "net gains or income" of gains or 26 income derived from obligations statutorily free from tax under 27 acts of the General Assembly. 28 (vii) The exclusion from "net gains or income" of gains or 29 income derived from obligations statutorily free from tax under 30 the laws of the United States. 19890H0197B0223 - 5 -
1 (viii) The exclusion from interest income of interest 2 statutorily free from tax under acts of the General Assembly. 3 (ix) The exclusion from interest income of interest 4 statutorily free from tax under acts of the United States. 5 (x) The exclusion from income of noncombat military pay. 6 (xi) The exclusion from income of scholarships, grants, 7 fellowships and stipends. 8 (xii) The preferential rate authorized pursuant to section 9 304. 10 (xiii) The credit authorized pursuant to section 314. 11 (xiv) Tax credits taken against the personal income tax 12 pursuant to Article XVII-A. 13 (3) Corporate Net Income Tax imposed by Article IV of the 14 "Tax Reform Code of 1971": 15 (i) Deductions allowed pursuant to section 401(3)1(b). 16 (ii) Deductions allowed pursuant to section 401(3)1(c). 17 (iii) Each of the deductions allowed pursuant to section 18 401(3)1(d)(i) through (ix) shall be considered a separate tax 19 expenditure. 20 (iv) Deductions allowed pursuant to section 401(3)1(h). 21 (v) Deductions allowed pursuant to section 401(3)1(i). 22 (vi) Deductions allowed pursuant to section 401(3)4. 23 (vii) Tax credits taken against the Corporate Net Income Tax 24 pursuant to the act of November 29, 1967 (P.L.636, No.292), 25 known as the "Neighborhood Assistance Act." 26 (viii) Tax credits taken against the Corporate Net Income 27 Tax pursuant to Article XVII-A. 28 (ix) Exclusion of value or income from taxation as a result 29 of the application of the multiform concept. 30 (x) The exclusion of each of the classes of corporations 19890H0197B0223 - 6 -
1 excluded from the definition in section 401(1). 2 (4) Capital Stock/Franchise Tax imposed by Article IV of the 3 "Tax Reform Code of 1971": 4 (i) Tax relief resulting from the exemption of capital stock 5 invested in a manufacturing, processing, research or development 6 plant and business pursuant to section 602. 7 (ii) The preferential calculation afforded to holding 8 companies pursuant to section 602(e). 9 (iii) The preferential calculation afforded to regulated 10 investment companies pursuant to section 602(f). 11 (iv) The exemption of pollution control devices pursuant to 12 section 602.1. 13 (v) The exemption of family farm corporations pursuant to 14 section 602.2. 15 (vi) Tax credits against the Capital Stock/Franchise Tax 16 pursuant to the "Neighborhood Assistance Act." 17 (5) Bank Shares Tax imposed by Article VII of the "Tax 18 Reform Code of 1971": 19 (i) The personal property tax exemption granted to banks 20 which collect the Bank Shares Tax from their shareholders on 21 behalf of the Commonwealth as authorized in section 701. 22 (ii) The exclusion of United States obligations from the tax 23 as described in section 701.1. 24 (iii) Tax credits against this tax pursuant to the 25 Neighborhood Assistance Act. 26 (iv) Tax credits against this tax pursuant to Article XVII- 27 A. 28 (6) Title Insurance and Trust Companies Share Tax imposed by 29 Article VIII of the "Tax Reform Code of 1971": 30 (i) The exemption from the Corporate Net Income Tax and 19890H0197B0223 - 7 -
1 Capital Stock/Franchise Tax granted to companies paying this tax 2 as authorized in section 801. 3 (ii) The exclusion of United States obligations from tax as 4 described in section 801.1. 5 (iii) Tax credits against this tax pursuant to the 6 "Neighborhood Assistance Act." 7 (iv) Tax credits against this tax pursuant to Article XVII- 8 A. 9 (7) Insurance Premiums Tax imposed by Article IX of the "Tax 10 Reform Code of 1971": 11 (i) The exemption granted in section 901(1) to mutual 12 beneficial associations. 13 (ii) The exemptions granted in section 901(1) to 14 corporations organized under the act of June 21, 1937 (P.L.1948, 15 No.378), known as the "Nonprofit Hospital Plan Act," and the act 16 of June 27, 1939 (P.L.1125, No.399), known as the "Nonprofit 17 Medical, Osteopathic, Dental and Podiatry Service Corporation 18 Act." 19 (iii) Tax credits against this tax pursuant to the 20 "Neighborhood Assistance Act." 21 (iv) Tax credits against this tax pursuant to Article XVII- 22 A. 23 (8) Utility Gross Receipts Tax imposed by Article XI of the 24 "Tax Reform Code of 1971": 25 (i) The exemption of sales inside the limits of a 26 municipality owning or operating a public utility pursuant to 27 section 1101(f). 28 (ii) The exemption of certain receipts pursuant to section 29 1101(g). 30 (iii) Tax credits granted pursuant to section 1101.2. 19890H0197B0223 - 8 -
1 (9) Liquid Fuels and Fuel Use Taxes: 2 (i) The exemptions itemized in section 1101-B of the "Tax 3 Reform Code of 1971" and applied against taxes collected 4 pursuant to Article XI-B of the "Tax Reform Code of 1971," the 5 act of May 21, 1931 (P.L.149, No.105), known as "The Liquid 6 Fuels Tax Act," the act of July 12, 1974 (P.L.458, No.161), 7 entitled "An act imposing an additional State tax on certain 8 fuels; providing for collection, lien and administration of the 9 tax; and making an appropriation," the act of January 14, 1952 10 (1951 P.L.1965, No.550), known as the "Fuel Use Tax Act," and 11 Chapter 95 of Title 75 of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes 12 (relating to taxes for highway maintenance and construction). 13 (10) Realty Transfer Tax imposed by Article XI-C of the "Tax 14 Reform Code of 1971": 15 (i) Each of the exemptions listed within section 1102-C.3. 16 (11) Cigarette Tax imposed by Article XII of the "Tax Reform 17 Code of 1971": 18 (i) Each of the exemptions itemized in section 1209(a). 19 (ii) The commission authorized pursuant to section 1216. 20 (12) Mutual Thrift Institutions Tax imposed by Article XV of 21 the "Tax Reform Code of 1971": 22 (i) The personal property tax exemption granted by section 23 1502(e). 24 (ii) The net operating loss carryover authorized by section 25 1502(d). 26 (iii) Tax credits taken against this tax pursuant to the 27 "Neighborhood Assistance Act." 28 (iv) Tax credits taken against this tax pursuant to Article 29 XVII-A. 30 (13) Oil Company Franchise Tax imposed by Chapter 95 of 19890H0197B0223 - 9 -
1 Title 75 of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes: 2 (i) The exclusion from the definition of "petroleum 3 products" in section 9501 of Title 75 of the Pennsylvania 4 Consolidated Statutes (relating to definitions) of products not 5 used for the generation of power to propel motor vehicles on the 6 public highways. 7 (14) Motor Carriers Road Tax imposed by Chapter 96 of Title 8 75 of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes (relating to motor 9 carriers road tax): 10 (i) The exemptions itemized in section 9910 (relating to 11 exemptions from tax). 12 (15) Inheritance Tax imposed by Chapter 17 of Title 72 of 13 the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes (relating to inheritance 14 and estate taxes): 15 (i) The exception provided in section 1708(b) (relating to 16 joint tenancy). 17 (ii) Each of the exemptions enumerated in section 1711(b) 18 through (r) (relating to transfers not subject to tax). 19 (iii) The preferential valuation described in section 20 1722(b) (relating to valuation of certain farmland). 21 (iv) The deductions authorized pursuant to section 1727 22 (relating to expenses). 23 (v) Interest abatements as a result of the extended payment 24 schedule authorized in section 1754(a) (relating to payment of 25 tax for small business transfers). 26 (16) Unemployment Compensation Contributions imposed by the 27 act of December 5, 1936 (2nd Sp.Sess., 1937 P.L.2897, No.1), 28 known as the "Unemployment Compensation Law": 29 (i) The limitation on the taxable wage base provided for in 30 section 4(x)(1). 19890H0197B0223 - 10 -
1 (17) Utility Realty Tax imposed by Article XI-A of the "Tax 2 Reform Code of 1971": 3 (i) Each of the exemptions enumerated in the definition of 4 "utility realty" in section 1101-A. 5 (ii) The exemptions granted in section 1102-A(d). 6 (18) Gross Receipts Tax on Motor Carriers imposed by the act 7 of June 22, 1931 (P.L.694, No.255), referred to as the Motor 8 Carriers Gross Receipts Tax Act: 9 (i) The preferential rate at which this tax is imposed 10 relative to other utility gross receipts taxed pursuant to 11 Article XI of the "Tax Reform Code of 1971." 12 (ii) The deduction authorized in section 3 for excise taxes 13 paid to local governments. 14 (iii) The credit authorized in section 3 for registration 15 fees paid to the Commonwealth. 16 (19) Marine Insurance Underwriting Profits Tax imposed by 17 the act of May 13, 1927 (P.L.998, No.486), entitled "An act 18 imposing a tax for State purposes on marine insurance 19 underwriting profits, and providing for the collection of such 20 tax": 21 (i) The preferential treatment afforded by taxing marine 22 insurers as required in this act rather than at the rate and in 23 the manner prescribed in Article IX of the "Tax Reform Code of 24 1971." 25 (20) Co-operative Agricultural Association Corporate Net 26 Income Tax imposed pursuant to the act of May 23, 1945 (P.L.893, 27 No.360), known as the "Co-operative Agricultural Association 28 Corporate Net Income Tax Act": 29 (i) The preferential treatment afforded by taxing Co- 30 operative Agricultural Associations on the base and at the rate 19890H0197B0223 - 11 -
1 required in the Co-operative Agricultural Association Corporate 2 Net Income Tax Act rather than on the base and at the rate 3 prescribed by Article IV of the "Tax Reform Code of 1971." 4 (ii) Other exclusions from State taxes authorized pursuant 5 to section 3. 6 (iii) Exclusions from county taxes authorized pursuant to 7 section 3. 8 (21) Electric Co-operative Corporation Tax imposed by the 9 act of June 21, 1937 (P.L.1969, No.389), known as the "Electric 10 Cooperative Corporation Act": 11 (i) The exemption from all other State taxes granted in 12 section 31. 13 (22) Malt Beverage Tax imposed by the act of May 5, 1933 14 (P.L.284, No.104), known as the "Malt Beverage Tax Law": 15 (i) The tax credit provided by section 10.1. 16 (23) Spirituous and Vinous Liquors Tax imposed by the act of 17 December 5, 1933 (Sp.Sess., P.L.38, No.6), known as the 18 "Spirituous and Vinous Liquor Tax Law": 19 (i) The exception granted in section 19. 20 (ii) Refunds available pursuant to section 21. 21 (24) Property Taxes: 22 (i) The reduction in tax resulting from assessment pursuant 23 to the act of December 19, 1974 (P.L.973, No.319), known as the 24 "Pennsylvania Farmland and Forest Land Assessment Act of 1974." 25 (ii) The exemption from tax required by section 2(c) of 26 Article VIII of the Constitution of Pennsylvania. 27 (iii) The exemptions granted pursuant to section 204 of the 28 act of May 22, 1933 (P.L.853, No.155), known as "The General 29 County Assessment Law," and section 202 of the act of May 21, 30 1943 (P.L.571, No.254), known as "The Fourth to Eighth Class 19890H0197B0223 - 12 -
1 County Assessment Law." 2 (iv) The exemption granted pursuant to section 11 of the act 3 of July 7, 1947 (P.L.1414, No.549), known as the "Veterans' 4 Housing Authority Act." 5 (25) Vehicle registration fees imposed pursuant to Title 75 6 of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes (relating to 7 vehicles): 8 (i) The exemptions granted pursuant to section 1302(2), (3), 9 (9), (10), (11), (12), (14) and (16) (relating to vehicles 10 exempt from registration). 11 (ii) The exemption and preferential fees authorized pursuant 12 to section 1901 (relating to exemption of entities and vehicles 13 from fees), each of which shall constitute a tax expenditure. 14 (26) General exemptions: 15 (i) The exemptions granted pursuant to section 15 of the act 16 of March 31, 1949 (P.L.372, No.34), known as "The General State 17 Authority Act of one thousand nine hundred forty-nine." 18 (ii) The exemption granted pursuant to section 6307(b) 19 (relating to exemptions applicable to certificated professional 20 health care service corporations) of Title 40 of the 21 Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes. 22 (iii) The exemptions granted pursuant to section 23 of the 23 act of May 28, 1937 (P.L.955, No.265), known as the "Housing 24 Authorities Law." 25 (iv) The exemptions granted pursuant to section 15 of the 26 act of May 2, 1945 (P.L.382, No.164), known as the "Municipality 27 Authorities Act of 1945." 28 (v) The exemptions granted pursuant to section 15 of the act 29 of June 5, 1947 (P.L.458, No.208), known as the "Parking 30 Authority Law." 19890H0197B0223 - 13 -
1 (vi) The exemptions granted pursuant to section 17 of the 2 act of April 18, 1949 (P.L.604, No.128), known as the "State 3 Highway and Bridge Authority Act." 4 (vii) The exemptions granted pursuant to section 14 of the 5 act of July 5, 1947 (P.L.1217, No.498), known as the "State 6 Public School Building Authority Act." 7 (27) Statutory exemptions, reductions, deductions, 8 limitations, exclusions, tax deferrals, discounts, refunds, 9 commissions, credits, preferential rates or preferential 10 treatments established after the effective date of this section. 11 (b) At the time required for the submission of the budget to 12 the General Assembly under section 613, the Governor shall also 13 submit to the General Assembly a tax expenditure plan for not 14 less than the prior fiscal year, the current fiscal year, this 15 budget year and the four (4) succeeding fiscal years, which plan 16 shall include the following information: 17 (1) The actual or estimated revenue loss to the Commonwealth 18 caused by each tax expenditure in each fiscal year covered by 19 the plan. 20 (2) The actual or estimated cost of administering and 21 implementing each tax expenditure for each fiscal year covered 22 by the plan. 23 (3) The actual or estimated number and description, in 24 reasonable detail, of taxpayers benefiting from each tax 25 expenditure in each fiscal year covered by the plan. 26 (4) The purpose of each tax expenditure in terms of desired 27 accomplishments. 28 (5) Measures used to determine whether tax expenditures are 29 achieving their purpose and actual or estimated levels of 30 attainment. 19890H0197B0223 - 14 -
1 (6) Which, if any, direct expenditure programs of the 2 Commonwealth are enhanced or complemented by each tax 3 expenditure. 4 (7) An assessment of each tax expenditure based on whether 5 or not each tax expenditure has been successful in meeting the 6 purpose for which it was enacted, and on whether each tax 7 expenditure is the most fiscally effective means of achieving 8 its purpose. 9 (c) Contents of the tax expenditure plan shall be as 10 follows: 11 (1) For the first fiscal year in which a tax expenditure 12 plan is required, the plan need only provide the required 13 information for tax expenditures itemized in subsection (a)(1), 14 (5), (6), (7), (12), (16) and (19). 15 (2) For the second year in which a tax expenditure plan is 16 required, the plan need only provide the required information 17 for the tax expenditures itemized in subsection (a)(1), (3), 18 (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (12), (16), (17), (19), (20) and (21). 19 (3) For the third year in which a tax expenditure plan is 20 required, the plan need only provide the required information 21 for the tax expenditures itemized in subsection (a)(1), (2), 22 (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (9), (12), (13), (14), (16), (17), 23 (18), (19), (20), (21) and (25). 24 (4) For the fourth year in which a tax expenditure plan is 25 required, the plan shall provide the required information for 26 all tax expenditures itemized in subsection (a). 27 (d) The Secretary of the Budget may obtain the information 28 required for compliance with this section from all State 29 agencies in like manner as provided for budget information under 30 this article. 19890H0197B0223 - 15 -
1 (e) The Secretary of the Budget is hereby authorized to 2 obtain such data as may be needed for compliance with this 3 section from the appropriate local government officials. 4 (f) The General Assembly recognizes that the exemption from 5 taxation accorded religious institutions is founded on 6 principles of church-state separation, and nothing in this 7 section is intended to express or imply that tax exemption 8 constitutes subsidization of the religious activities of such 9 institutions; nor shall this section be construed to authorize 10 the imposition of any additional requirements on such 11 institutions relating to tax exemption. 12 Section 623. Cost Reduction Team.--(a) The Governor shall 13 form a cost reduction team within the executive branch which 14 shall conduct: 15 (1) A thorough study of the organization and operation of 16 each executive department for the purpose of recommending and 17 implementing, through executive action, methods and means of 18 limiting expenditures during each fiscal year. 19 (2) A thorough review of executive branch spending practices 20 in an effort to control the rate of taxation and the cost of 21 State government. 22 (b) No later than the date each year on which the Governor 23 presents his budget to the General Assembly, he shall submit a 24 report to the General Assembly indicating cost reduction 25 measures that can be implemented by the executive branch for the 26 ensuing fiscal year. 27 Section 2. This act shall apply to the budget submitted for 28 the fiscal year next commencing after one year from the 29 effective date of this act and to each fiscal year thereafter. 30 Section 3. This act shall take effect immediately. A13L71JLW/19890H0197B0223 - 16 -